logo logo European Journal of Educational Research

EU-JER is is a, peer reviewed, online academic research journal.

Subscribe to

Receive Email Alerts

for special events, calls for papers, and professional development opportunities.

Subscribe

Publisher (HQ)

Eurasian Society of Educational Research
Eurasian Society of Educational Research
7321 Parkway Drive South, Hanover, MD 21076, USA
Eurasian Society of Educational Research
Headquarters
7321 Parkway Drive South, Hanover, MD 21076, USA
mathematics comic critical thinking character education contextual teaching and learning

The Implementation of Mathematics Comic through Contextual Teaching and Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Ability and Character

Farida Puput Lestari , Farid Ahmadi , Rochmad Rochmad

Students' critical thinking ability requires improvement from schools as an educational institution. Besides, it is important to maximally integra.

S

Students' critical thinking ability requires improvement from schools as an educational institution. Besides, it is important to maximally integrate character education into mathematics learning. One of the attempts was implementing mathematics comic that contains Pancasila values as teaching material through contextual teaching and learning. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of mathematics comic teaching material with Pancasila values in improving students' critical thinking and character. This is a quasi-experimental study that involves non-equivalent control group design. The population was fourth-grade students of elementary schools in Gajahmungkur District, and data were collected using a critical thinking test and questionnaire. The results showed that using mathematics comic teaching material with Pancasila values was (1) effective in improving students' critical thinking ability; (2) effective in developing character, especially discipline and hard work trait. In the beginning, both character traits were categorized as good, and after treatment, there was an increase in the very good category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of mathematics comic teaching material with Pancasila values is effective in improving critical thinking ability and character traits.

Keywords: Mathematics comic; critical thinking; character education; contextual teaching and learning.

cloud_download PDF
Cite
Article Metrics
Views
1067
Download
1048
Citations
Crossref
19

Scopus
14

References

Abrami, P. C., Bernard, R. M., Borokhovski, E., Waddington, D. I., Wade, C. A., & Persson, T. (2015). Strategies for teaching students to think critically: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 85(2), 275–314. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654314551063

Agboola, A., & Tsai, K. C. (2012). Bring character education into classroom. European Journal of Educational Research, 1(2), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.1.2.163

Ahmadi, F., Edi, S., Al-ghamdi, B. A. A., & Harjunowibowo, D. (2020). Comparative study of the development of android-based flipped classroom model between Jeddah and Indonesia. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology, 10(2), 542–547.

Ahmadi, F., & Maharani, S. P. (2019). E-learning based on “Joomla!” to improve the learning results of social studies content in primary school. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 5(5), 394–405.

Aizikovitsh-Udi, E., & Cheng, D. (2015). Developing critical thinking skills from dispositions to abilities: Mathematics education from early childhood to high school. Creative Education, 6(4), 455–462. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2015.64045

Alangui, W. V. (2017). Ethnomathematics and culturally relevant mathematics education in the Philippines. In M. Rosa, L. Shirley, M. E. Gavarrete & W. V. Alangui (Eds.), Ethnomathematics and its Diverse Approaches for Mathematics Education (pp. 183–208). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59220-6_8

Amir, S. (2013). Pancasila as integration philosophy of education and national character. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 2(1), 54–57.

Anagün, Ş. S. (2018). Teachers’ perceptions about the relationship between 21st century skills and managing constructivist learning environments. International Journal of Instruction, 11(4), 825–840. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.11452a

Ariesta, F., & Purwanti, E. (2019). Build critical thinking skills of elementary school students through comics social science based-problem. In A. Subagyo, J. Abraham, T. N. Mursitama, R. Rahim, & M. T. Multazam (Eds.), The 1st Workshop on Multimedia Education, Learning, Assessment and its Implementation in Game and Gamification in conjunction with COMDEV 2018. European Alliance for Innovation (EAI). https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.26-1-2019.2282933

As’ari, A. R., Mahmudi, A., & Nuerlaelah, E. (2017). Our prospective mathematic teachers are not critical thinkers yet. Journal on Mathematics Education, 8(2), 145–156. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.8.2.3961.145-156

Azamain, M. S., Shahrill, M., Musa, N. K. H., & Batrisyia, I. (2020). How using comics can assist in determining the students’ learning of distance-time graphs. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1470(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1470/1/012005

Boyd, P., & Ash, A. (2018). Mastery mathematics: Changing teacher beliefs around in-class grouping and mindset. Teaching and Teacher Education, 75, 214–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2018.06.016

Buchori, A., & Setyawati, R. D. (2015). Development learning model of character education through e-comic in elementary school. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(9), 369–386.

Chukwuyenum, A. N. (2013). Impact of critical thinking on performance in mathematic. IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education, 3(5), 18–25.

Coskun, S. D., Bostan, M. I., & Rowland, T. (2020). An in-service primary teacher’s responses to unexpected moments in the mathematics classroom. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 19, 193–213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-020-10050-4

Çubukçu, Z. (2012). The effect of hidden curriculum on character education process of primary school students. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 12(2), 1526–1534.

Damanhuri, D., Legiani, W. H., Bahrudin, F. A., & Rahman, I. N. (2016). Implementasi nilai-nilai Pancasila sebagai upaya pembangunan karakter bangsa [Implementation of Pancasila values as an effort to develop national character]. Untirta Civic Education Journal, 1(2), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.30870/ucej.v1i2.1890

Daulay, M. I. (2017). Developing social science-history’s comics- based learning media for the fifth grade of primary school in Pekanbaru City. International Journal of Research in Counseling and Education, 1(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.24036/008za0002

Davtyan, R. (2014, April 3-4). Contextual learning [Paper presentation]. American Society for Engineering Education 2014 Zone I Conference, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, USA.

Dekker, T. J. (2020). Teaching critical thinking through engagement with multiplicity. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 37, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2020.100701

Dwyer, C., Stewart, I., & Hogan, M. J. (2011). The promotion of critical thinking skills through argument mapping. In C. P. Horvath & J. M. Forte (Eds.), Critical Thinking (pp. 97–122). Nova Science Publishers.

Ennis, R. H. (1993). Critical thinking assessment. Theory Into Practice, 32(3), 179–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405849309543594

Epstein, R. L. (2016). The pocket guide to critical thinking (5th ed.). Advanced Reasoning Forum.

Epstein, R. L., & Kernberger, C. (2006). Critical thinking (3th ed.). Thomson Wadsworth.

Ghazi, S. R., & Ullah, K. (2015). Formal operational stage of Piaget’s cognitive development theory: An implication in learning mathematics. Gomal University Journal of Research, 31(1), 79–89.

Hake, R. R. (1999, March 13). Analyzing change/gain scores. Indiana University. https://cutt.ly/QjEMOWn

Hasan, S. H., Wahab, A. A., Mulyana, Y., Hamka, Kurniawan, Anas, Z., Nurlaili, L., Listiyanti, M., Jarwadi, Chatarina, M., Waluyo, H., Wirantho, S. A., Paresti, S., & Ismail, A. B. (2010). Penguatan metodologi pembelajaran berdasarkan nilai-nilai budaya untuk membentuk daya saing dan karakter bangsa [Strengthening learning methodology based on cultural values to form competitiveness and national character]. Ministry of National Education/ Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional.

Hermino, A., & Arifin, I. (2020). Contextual character education for students in the senior high school. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 1009–1023. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.9.3.1009

Hosler, J., & Boomer, K. B. (2011). Are comic books an effectiveway to engage nonmajors in learning and appreciating science? CBE Life Sciences Education, 10(3), 309–317. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.10-07-0090

Jankvist, U. T. (2015). Changing students’ images of “mathematics as a discipline".  Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 38, 41–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmathb.2015.02.002

Kardoyo, Nurkhin, A., Muhsin, & Pramusinto, H. (2020). Problem-based learning strategy: Its impact on students’ critical and creative thinking skills. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 1141–1150. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.9.3.1141

Kim, J., Chung, M. S., Jang, H. G., & Chung, B. S. (2016). The use of educational comics in learning anatomy among multiple student groups. Anatomical Sciences Education, 10(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.1619

Krusemark, R. E. (2015). The role of critical thinking in reader perceptions of leadership in comic books. SANE Journal: Sequential Art Narrative in Education, 2(1), 1–25.

Krusemark, R. E. (2016). Comic books in the American college classroom: A study of student critical thinking. Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics, 8(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/21504857.2016.1233895

Kurniati, K., Kusumah, Y. S., Sabandar, J., & Herman, T. (2015). Mathematical critical thinking ability through contextual teaching and learning approach. Indonesian Mathematical Society Journal on Mathematics Education, 6(1), 53–62.

Kwan, Y. W., & Wong, A. F. L. (2014). The constructivist classroom learning environment and its associations with critical thinking ability of secondary school students in Liberal Studies. Learning Environments Research, 17(2), 191–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-014-9158-x

Laili, H. (2016). Keefektifan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan CTL dan PBL ditinjau dari motivasi dan prestasi belajar matematika [The effectiveness of the CTL and PBL approaches viewed from students’ motivation and achievement in mathematics learning]. Pytaghoras: Journal of Mathematics Education/ Pytaghoras: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 11(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.21831/pg.v11i1.9679

McCloud, S. (1993). Understanding comics: The invisible art. HarperCollins.

Meltzer, D. E. (2002). The relationship between mathematics preparation and conceptual learning gains in physics: A possible “hidden variable” in diagnostic pretest scores. American Journal of Physics, 70(12), 1259–1268. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1514215

Mulyanto, H., Gunarhadi, G., & Indriayu, M. (2018). The effect of problem based learning model on student mathematics learning outcomes viewed from critical thinking skills. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 3(2), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.408454

Munawaroh, H., Sudiyanto, & Riyadi. (2018). Teachers’ perceptions of innovative learning model toward critical thinking ability. International Journal of Educational Methodology, 4(3), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.12973/ijem.4.3.153

Murti, D. K., Gunarhadi, G., & Winarno, W. (2020). Development of educational comic with local wisdom to foster morality of elementary school students: A need analysis. International Journal of Educational Methodology, 6(2), 337–343. https://doi.org/10.12973/ijem.6.2.337

Nalurita, L., Siroj, R. A., & Putri, R. I. I. (2010). Bahan ajar kesebangunan dan simetri berbasis contextual teaching and learning (CTL) menggunakan macromedia flash [Teaching materials of similarity and symmetry based on contextual teaching and learning (CTL) using macromedia flash]. Journal of Mathematics Education/ Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 45–52.

Norton, B. (2003). The motivating power of comic books: Insights from Archie comic readers. The Reading Teacher, 57(2), 140–147.

Ntobuo, N. E., Arbie, A., & Amali, L. N. (2018). The development of gravity comic learning media based on Gorontalo culture. Indonesian Journal of Science Education/ Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(2), 246–251. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v7i2.14344

Octavia, E., & Rube’i, M. A. (2017). Penguatan pendidikan karakter berbasis pancasila untuk membentuk mahasiswa prodi PPKN menjadi warga negara yang baik dan cerdas [The strengthening of character education based on Pancasila to form a student of PPKn major to be a good and intelligent citiz. Social Horizon: Journal of Social Education/ Sosial Horison: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial, 4(1), 111–124. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.31571/sosial.v4i1.427

Ojose, B. (2008). Applying Piaget’s theory of cognitive development to mathematics instruction. The Matematics Educator, 18(1), 26–30.

Özdemir, E. (2017). Humor in elementary science: development and evaluation of comic strips about sound. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9(4), 837–850.

Pardimin, & Widodo, S. A. (2017). Development comic based problem solving in geometry. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 12(3), 233–241.

Patria, A. S., & Mutmainah, S. (2018). Using textbook illustration as media for developing character among primary students: Some research-based suggestion. Journal of Education and Learning, 12(1), 52–56. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v12i1.6509

Pertiwi, R., Suchyadi, Y., Sumardi, & Rukmini. (2019). Implementasi program pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar negeri Lawanggintung 01 Kota Bogor [Implementation of character education program in Lawanggintung 01 elementary school Bogor City]. Journal of Elementary School Teacher Education and Teaching/ Jurnal Pendidikan & Pengajaran Guru Sekolah Dasar, 2(1), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.33751/jppguseda.v2i1.994

Peter, E. E. (2012). Critical thinking: Essence for teaching mathematics and mathematics problem solving skills. African Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science Research, 5(3), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajmcsr11.161

Puspitorini, R., Prodjosantoso, A. K., Subali, B., & Jumadi, J. (2014). Penggunaan media komik dalam pembelajaran IPA untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar kognitif dan afektif [The use of comic media in science instruction to improve motivation and cognitive and affective achievement]. Journal of Educational Horizon/ Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 3(3), 413–420. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v3i3.2385

Rapp, D. N. (2011). Comic books’ latest plot twist: Enhancing literacy instruction. Phi Delta Kappan, 93(4), 64–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171109300416

Ratnasari, D., Sukarmin, S., Suparmi, S., & Harjunowibowo, D. (2018). Analysis of science process skills of summative test items in physics of grade X in Surakarta. Indonesian Journal of Science Education/ Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(1), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v7i1.10439

Rina, N., Suminar, J. R., Damayani, N. A., & Hafiar, H. (2020). Character education based on digital comic media. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 14(03), 107. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i03.12111

Salimi, M., Dardiri, A., & Sujarwo. (2021). The profile of students’ social skills of Bengawan Solo Elementary Nature School. European Journal of Educational Research, 10(1), 211–226. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.10.1.211

Saputri, W., Corebima, A. D., Susilo, H., & Suwono, H. (2020). Qasee: A potential learning model to improve the critical thinking skills of pre-service teachers with different academic abilities. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(2), 853–864. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.2.853

Saputro, B. H., & Soeharto, S. (2015). Pengembangan media komik berbasis pendidikan karakter pada pembelajaran tematik-integratif kelas IV SD [Developing character-based education comic media on integrate-thematic learning for fourth grade]. Prima Educasia Journal/ Jurnal Prima Edukasia, 3(1), 61–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/jpe.v3i1.4065

Selvianiresa, D., & Prabawanto, S. (2017). Contextual teaching and learning approach of mathematics in primary schools. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 895(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/895/1/012171

Septiani, A. N. S. I., Rejekiningsih, T., Triyanto, & Rusnaini. (2020). Development of interactive multimedia learning courseware to strengthen students’ character. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 1267–1279. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.3.1267

Setyowati, A., Subali, B., & Mosik. (2011). Implementasi pendekatan konflik kognitif dalam pembelajaran fisika untuk menumbuhkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SMP [Implementation of conflict cognitive approach in physics learning to foster critical thinking skills of junior high school students]. Indonesian Journal of Physics Education/ Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, 7(2), 89-96. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v7i2.1078

Tari, D. K., & Rosana, D. (2019). Contextual teaching and learning to develop critical thinking and practical skills. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1233(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1233/1/012102

Toh, T. L., Cheng, L. P., Ho, S. Y., Jiang, H., & Lim, K. M. (2017). Use of comics to enhance students’ learning for the development of the twenty-first century competencies in the mathematics classroom. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 37(4), 437–452. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2017.1339344

Toheri, Winarso, W., & Haqq, A. A. (2020). Where exactly for enhance critical and creative thinking: The use of problem posing or contextual learning. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(2), 877–887. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.2.877

Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st century skills: Learning for life in our times. Jossey Bass. https://doi.org/978-0-470-47538-6

Trimurtini, Ahmadi, F., Liftiah, & Widihastrini, F. (2020). Mobile learning media ― “Jarak , Waktu Dan Kecepatan” as a medium to introduce problem-solving to children. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(2), 4246–4249.

Watson, G., & Glaser, E. (2002). Watson-Glaser critical thinking appraisal, UK edition : Practice test. Psychological Corporation.

Widana, I. W., Parwata, I. M. Y., Parmithi, N. N., Jayantika, I. G. A. T., Sukendra, K., & Sumandya, I. W. (2018). Higher order thinking skills assessment towards critical thinking on mathematics lesson. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(1), 24–32. https://doi.org/10.29332/ijssh.v2n1.74

Widyatiningtyas, R., Kusumah, Y. S., Sumarmo, U., & Sabandar, J. (2015). The impact of problem-based learning approach to senior high school students’ mathematics critical thinking ability. Indonesian Mathematical Society Journal on Mathematics Education, 6(2), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.6.2.2165.107-116

Widyawati, A., & Prodjosantoso, A. K. (2015). Pengembangan media komik IPA untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan karakter peserta didik SMP [Developing science comic to improve the science learning motivation and character of grade VIII students]. Journal of Science Education Innovation/ Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA, 1(1), 24–35. https://doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v1i1.4529

Wijayanti, R., Hasan, B., & Loganathan, R. K. (2018). Media comic math berbasis whiteboard annimation dalam pelajaran matematika [Comic math media based on whiteboard animation in math]. Mathematics Education Research Journal/ Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika, 5(1), 53–63.

Wuryani, M. T., Roemintoyo, & Yamtinah, S. (2018). Textbooks thematic based character education on thematic learning primary school: An influence. International Journal of Educational Methodology, 4(2), 75–81. https://doi.org/10.12973/ijem.4.2.75

Yadav, D. K. (2017). Exact definition of mathematics. International Research Journal of Mathematics, Engineering and IT, 4(1), 34–42.

Yayuk, E., Purwanto, As’ari, A. R., & Subanji. (2020). Primary school students’ creative thinking skills in mathematics problem solving. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 1281–1295. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.3.1281

Yudha, A., Sufianto, S., Damara, B. E. P., Taqwan, B., & Haji, S. (2019). The impact of contextual teaching and learning (CTL) ability in understanding mathematical concepts. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 295, 170-173. https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icetep-18.2019.42

...