logo logo European Journal of Educational Research

EU-JER is is a, peer reviewed, online academic research journal.

Subscribe to

Receive Email Alerts

for special events, calls for papers, and professional development opportunities.

Subscribe

Publisher (HQ)

Eurasian Society of Educational Research
Eurasian Society of Educational Research
7321 Parkway Drive South, Hanover, MD 21076, USA
Eurasian Society of Educational Research
Headquarters
7321 Parkway Drive South, Hanover, MD 21076, USA
digital learning pandemic resilience university youth

The Resilience of University Youth While Undergoing Digital Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nur Amirrah Yusrisham , Siti Hajar Kamaruddin , Siti Munirah Mauzud , Roslina Ismail

The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected the educational sector globally. One of the impacts of this outbreak is observed in the implementation of digita.

T

The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected the educational sector globally. One of the impacts of this outbreak is observed in the implementation of digital learning, which involves problems such as poor internet connection and a lack of information technology facilities. However, university youth could be seen as resilient if they could keep up with good academic performance despite going through various challenges of digital learning. Thus, this research would like to explore the resilience of university youth while undergoing the challenges of digital learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research adopted a qualitative approach, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used, where five respondents among the University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) youth with a cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 3.50 and above were selected in this research. The research found that the challenges faced by the majority of the respondents during digital learning were the non-conducive learning environment and the poor internet connection. In addition, findings also found two protective factors that helped the respondents be resilient, identified as the internal factor (i.e., self-concept and cultural sensitivity) and the external factor (i.e., parents' support and positive peer relationships). The research findings showed that the university youth also need support and help from various parties alongside their own efforts in academics in order to face any kinds of risky situations and grow as resilient youth.

Keywords: Digital learning, pandemic, resilience, university youth.

cloud_download PDF
Cite
Article Metrics
Views
178
Download
198
Citations
Crossref
0

Scopus
0

References

Abdullah, S. R. A. (2022, January 8). Strategi China cegah COVID-19 [China’s strategies in combating COVID-19]. My Metro. https://rb.gy/i9y71

Abu Hassan, S. A., Zainol Abidin, S. B., & Hassan, Z. B. (2021). Keberkesanan pembelajaran dan pengajaran dalam talian (e-pembelajaran) terhadap pembelajaran pelajar di Kolej Komuniti Hulu Langat [The effectiveness of online learning and teaching (e-learning) on ​​student learning at Hulu Langat Community College]. International Journal of Humanities Technology and Civilization, 6(S2), 1-8. https://bit.ly/3OFjqcZ

Adnan, M., & Anwar, K. (2020). Online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Students perspectives. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology2(1), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.2020261309

Alsagoff, S. A. (1986). Psikologi pembelajaran dan kognitif, bimbingan dan kaunseling [Learning and cognitive psychology, guidance and counseling]. Heinemann.

Anua, N., Tan, M. L., & Chan, N. W. (2021). Daya tahan komuniti menghadapi banjir 2014: Kajian kes di Kampung Manek Urai Lama, Kuala Krai, Kelantan [Community resilience to the 2014 flood: A case study in the Kampung Manek Urai Lama, Kuala Krai, Kelantan]. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 17(1), 196-210. https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2021-1701-15

Appolloni, A., Colasanti, N., Fantauzzi, C., Fiorani, G., & Frondizi, R. (2021). Distance learning as a resilience strategy during COVID-19: An analysis of the Italian context. Sustainability13(3), Article 1388. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031388

Arora, M., Goyal, L. M., Chintalapudi, N., & Mittal, M. (2020). Factors affecting digital education during COVID-19: A statistical modeling approach. In 2020 5th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Security (ICCCS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCS49678.2020.9277370

Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., & Sorensen, C. (2010). Introduction to research in education (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Bailey, C. A. (2007). A guide to qualitative field research (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412983204

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W H Freeman/Times Books/ Henry Holt & Co.

Barrot, J. S., Llenares, I. I., & Rosario, L. S. D. (2021). Students’ online learning challenges during the pandemic and how they cope with them: The case of the Philippines. Education and Information Technologies, 26, 7321-7338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10589-x

Beardslee, W. R. (1989). The role of self-understanding in resilient individuals: The development of a perspective. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry59(2), 266-278. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.1989.tb01659.x

Bessette, L. S., Chick, N., & Friberg, J. C. (2020, May 1). 5 myths about remote teaching in the COVID-19 crisis. The Chronicle of Higher Education. https://tinyurl.com/3j85vadh

Brammer, M. S. (2020). Student resilience and COVID-19. First Look: Social Sciences and Humanities Open. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3637824

Brown, C., & Salmi, J. (2020, April 18). Putting fairness at the heart of higher education. University World News. https://tinyurl.com/33e4w37w

Chung, H., & Ho, R. (2016). Impact of parental involvement, teacher-student relationship, and resilience on academic performance among middle school students in Kang Won Province, in South Korea. Scholar: Human Sciences8(2),122-129. https://rb.gy/wgmkh

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.

Eri, R., Gudimetla, P., Star, S., Rowlands, J., Girgla, A., To, L., Li, F., Sochea, N., & Bindal, U. (2021). Digital resilience in higher education in response to COVID-19 pandemic: Student perceptions from Asia and Australia. Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice, 18(5), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.18.5.7

Fatoni, Arifiati, N., Nurkhayati, E., Nurdiawati, E., Fidziah, Pamungkas, G., Adha, S., Irawan, Purwanto, A., Julyanto, O., & Azizi, E. (2020). University students online learning system during COVID-19 pandemic: Advantages, constraints and solutions. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy11(7), 570-576. https://rb.gy/gohuv

Ferreira, R. J., Buttell, F., & Cannon, C. (2020). COVID-19: Immediate predictors of individual resilience. Sustainability, 12(16), Article 6495. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166495

Fidalgo, P., Thormann, J., Kulyk, O., & Lencastre, J. A. (2020). Students’ perceptions on distance education: A multinational study. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education17(1), Article 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00194-2

Gibbs, G. R. (2007). Analyzing qualitative data. In U. Flick (Ed.), The Sage qualitative research kit. SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849208574

Gürsul, F., & Keser, H. (2009). The effects of online and face to face problem-based learning environments in mathematics education on student's academic achievement. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences1(1), 2817-2824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2009.01.501

Hamid, N. H. (2021, July 11). Capaian internet jadi isu, dikhuatiri beri kesan kepada pelajar [The issue of internet access is an issue that is feared to affect students]. Sinar Harian. https://tinyurl.com/mwuemrjd

Hamzah, S. R., Suandi, T., Hamzah, A., & Tamam, E. (2013). Pengaruh rakan sebaya ke atas tingkah laku hedonistik belia IPT di Malaysia [Peers influence hedonistic behavior among youth in higher institutions in Malaysia]. Jurnal Teknologi63(1), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v63.1656

Haron, S. (2020). Pendapatan dan perbelanjaan isi rumah M40 dan B40 mengikut negeri [Income and expenditure of M40 and B40 households by state]. Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Newsletter. https://rb.gy/dzt03

Hatzichristou, C., Lianos, P., Lampropoulou, A., Yfanti, T., & Athanasiou, D. (2021). WeCARE intervention program: An online multilevel international program for promoting well-being and resilience in the school community during unsettling times. European Journal of Psychology and Educational Research, 4(1), 51-67. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejper.4.1.51

Hicks, G. E., Simonsick, E. M., Harris, T. B., Newman, A. B., Weiner, D. K., Nevitt, M. A., & Tylavsky, F. A. (2005). Trunk muscle composition as a predictor of reduced functional capacity in the health, aging and body composition study: The moderating role of back pain. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 60(11), 1420-1424. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/60.11.1420

Ibrahim, F., Hassan, N., & Salim, W. W. A. (2018). Mengukur tahap ketahanan diri mahasiswa B40 dalam kalangan pelajar universiti [Measuring the self-resistance level of B40 students among university students].  Jurnal Personalia Pelajar21(1), 19-27. https://rb.gy/o5rak

Ibrahim, I., & Hussin, M. (2016). Level of resilience amongst public university students in Malaysia and overseas. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar19(1), 75-85. https://rb.gy/2dqlw

Jim, H. S., Pustejovsky, J. E., Park, C. L., Danhauer, S. C., Sherman, A. C., & Fitchett, G., Merluzzi, T. V., Munoz, A. R., George, L., Snyder, M. A., & Salsman, J. M. (2015). Religion, spirituality, and physical health in cancer patients: A meta-analysis. Cancer121(21), 3760-3768. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29353

Jones, K., Simpson, G. K., Briggs, L., & Dorsett, P. (2016). Does spirituality facilitate adjustment and resilience among individuals and families after SCI? Disability and Rehabilitation38(10), 921-935. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2015.1066884

Julien, G., & Dookwah, R. (2020). Students’ transition from face to face learning to online learning at higher education: A case study in Trinidad and Tobago. Educational Research and Reviews, 15(8), 487–494. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2020.4005

Kamaruddin, S. H., Manap, J., Abdullah, H., & Suandi, T. (2016). Daya tahan belia: Pengaruh hubungan perapatan dalam institusi kekeluargaan [Youth resiliency: Attachment factor in familial institution]. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, (Spec. Iss. 2),160-172. https://bit.ly/43cHZmH

Karademas, E. C. (2006). Self-efficacy, social support and well-being. The mediating role of optimism. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(6), 1281-1290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.10.019

Khalid, N. H. M. (2022, February 28). Pelajar kembali ke kampus demi kelestarian kualiti pendidikan tinggi [Students return to campus for the sustainability of higher education quality]. Berita Harian. https://rb.gy/32347

Kumi-Yeboah, A., Dogbey, J., Yuan, G., & Smith, P. (2020). Cultural diversity in online education: An exploration of instructors’ perceptions and challenges. Teachers College Record122(7), 1-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146812012200708

Kvale, S. (1996). InterViews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. SAGE Publications, Inc.

Ledesma, J. (2014). Conceptual frameworks and research models on resilience in leadership. SAGE Open4(3), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244014545464

Lee, A. (2020). Wuhan novel coronavirus (COVID-19): Why global control is challenging? Public Health179, A1-A2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.02.001

Lee, S. H. (2012). Parental influence on children’s achievement from Korea: Types of involvement, attributions, education, and income [Doctoral dissertation, The University of Arizona]. The University of Arizona. https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/242411

Lompoliu, R. A., & Pasoreh, Y. (2015). Peran komunikasi dalam menyelesaikan konflik diantara remaja di Desa Sendangan Kecamatan Kakas [The role of communication in resolving conflict among young people in Sendangan Village, Kakas District]. Acta Diurna Komunikasi4(3), 1-9. https://rb.gy/9bqaa

Luthar, S. S. (2015). Resilience in development: A synthesis of research across five decades. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology (2nd ed., pp. 739–795). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470939406.ch20

Luthar, S. S., Crossman, E. J., & Small, P. J. (2015). Resilience and adversity. In R. M. Lerner & M. E. Lamb (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science, (pp.247-286). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy307

Yahaya, M., & Adnan, W. H. (2021). Cabaran pelajar melalui kaedah pembelajaran atas talian: Kajian institusi pengajian tinggi awam Malaysia [Students’ challenges through online learning: Study of the Malaysian public higher education institutions]. Journal of Media and Information Warfare14(1), 11-20. https://rb.gy/l4vu2

Maheshwari, A., & Jutta, M. V. (2020). Study of relationship between optimism and resilience in the times of COVID-19 among university students. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 8(3), 1539-1550. https://bit.ly/3KRXOIb

Martin, A. J., & Marsh, H. W. (2009). Academic resilience and academic buoyancy: Multidimensional and hierarchical conceptual framing of causes, correlates and cognate constructs. Oxford Review of Education35(3), 353-370. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054980902934639

Mason, M. (2010). Sample-Größe und Sättigung in PhD-Studien, in denen qualitative Interviews zum Einsatz kommen [Sample size and saturation in PhD studies using qualitative interviews]. Forum: Qualitative Social Research/Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung, 11(3), Article 8. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-11.3.1428

Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (3rd ed.). Josey-Bass.

Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Rhodes, R. E., Brussoni, M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson, L. J., Mitra, R., O’Reilly, N., Spence, J. C., Vanderloo, L. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: A national survey. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity17, Article 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00987-8

Mydin, S. A. H., Shukri, A. S. M., & Razak, M. A. A. (2020). Peranan akhlak dalam kehidupan: Tinjauan wacana akhlak islam [The role of morality in life: Islamic discourse review]. Jurnal Islam Dan Masyarakat Kontemporari, 21(1), 38–54. https://doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2020.21.1.374

Selamat, N. H., Khoo, S. L., Karupiah, P., & Azmi, Z. (2022). Resilience and sustainability strategies of Malaysian homestay program during COVID-19 pandemic. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 18(2), 223-235. https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2022-1802-17

Latif, N. A. A., Zulkifli, C. N., Desa, M., Berahim, R. R. R., & Nor, N. K. M. (2021). Perlaksanaan program latihan berasaskan teknologi kepada belia berprestasi rendah akademik dalam meningkatkan kualiti hidup [The implementation of technology-based training programmes for academically underperforming youth in improving the quality of life]. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan3(3), 189-200. http://surl.li/hpxai

O'Leary, V. E. (2010). Strength in the face of adversity: Individual and social thriving. Journal of Social Issues54(2), 425-446. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1998.tb01228.x

Omar, N. E., & Abdullah, M. N. (2020). Pengalaman daya tahan diri pelajar universiti: Keperluan kepada penyesuaian kehidupan di kampus [University students’ resilience experience: The need for on-campus life adjustment]. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education35(2), 109-129. https://doi.org/10.21315/apjee2020.35.2.7

Orkaizagirre‐Gómara, A., Sánchez De Miguel, M., Ortiz de Elguea, J., & Ortiz de Elguea, A. (2020). Testing general self‐efficacy, perceived competence, resilience, and stress among nursing students: An integrator evaluation. Nursing & Health Sciences22(3), 529-538. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12689

Othman, M. H., Harun, Z., & Othman, N. (2020). Relationship between time management and academic achievement of vocational college students undergoing on-the job training. Malaysian Journal of Education/Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia45(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.17576/JPEN-2020-45.01SI-01

Ovaska-Stafford, N., Maltby, J., & Dale, M. (2019). Literature review: Psychological resilience factors in people with neurodegenerative diseases. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 36(2), 283–306. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz063

Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.

Pinto, M., & Leite, C. (2020). Digital technologies in support of students learning in higher education: Literature review. Digital Education Review, (37), 343-360. https://doi.org/10.1344/der.2020.37.343-360

Putri, R. S., Purwanto, A., Pramono, R., Asbari, M., Wijayanti, L. M., & Hyun, C. C. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on online home learning: An explorative study of primary schools in Indonesia. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology29(5), 4809-4818. https://tinyurl.com/2p963xvh

Rahat, E., & Ilhan, T. (2016). Coping styles, social support, relational self-construal, and resilience in predicting students’ adjustment to university life. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 16(1), 187–208.

Rasyid, S. M. R. A., & Samat, N. (2018). Kemiskinan keluarga dan pengaruhnya terhadap tahap pendidikan rendah masyarakat luar bandar: Kajian kes di Jajahan Bachok, Kelantan [Family poverty and its influence on rural community low education: Case Study in Bachok District, Kelantan]. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 15(2), 11-23.

Rathakrishnan, M. (2020, July 14). COVID-19 ubah pengajaran dan pembelajaran dari rumah [COVID-19 changes the trend of teaching and learning from home]. Berita Harian Online. https://rb.gy/nxsw2

Resiliency Initiatives. (2003). Understanding the resiliency framework. https://rb.gy/z9wwi

Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C. M., & Ormston, R. (Eds.). (2013). Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd.

Román-Mata, S. S., Zurita-Ortega, F., Puertas-Molero, P., Badicu, G., & González-Valero, G. (2020). A predictive study of resilience and its relationship with academic and work dimensions during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Clinical Medicine9(10), Article 3258. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103258

Roth, J. L., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2003). What exactly is a youth development program? Answers from research and practice. Applied Developmental Science7(2), 94-111. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532480xads0702_6

Rutter, M. (2006). Implications of resilience concepts for scientific understanding. Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences1094(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1376.002

Schleicher, A. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on education: Insights from Education at a Glance 2020. OECD. https://rb.gy/jl9oe

Shahruddin, N. J., Mansor, M., Madon, Z., & Hamsan, H. H. (2018). Hubungan pengaruh rakan sebaya, estim diri dan lokus kawalan dengan sikap terhadap tingkah laku seksual [Relationship between peer influences, self-esteem and locus of control with attitude towards sexual behaviour]. Akademika88(2), 81-94. https://bit.ly/3slzicb

Singh, S., Roy, D., Sinha, K., Parveen, S., Sharma, G., & Joshi, G. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations. Psychiatry Research293, Article 113429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113429

Skovholt, T. M., & Ronnestad, M. H. (2003). Struggles of the novice counselor and therapist. Journal of Career Development, 30(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/089484530303000103  

Thomas, C. J. (2020, April 13).  Coronavirus and challenging times for education in developing countries. Brookings. https://bit.ly/3sotDSA

Tyre, Y., Griffin, M., & Simmons, R. T. (2016). Building resiliency in counselors in training for counselors educators. Alabama Counselling Association Journal41(1), 25-44.

Ungar, M. (2004). A Constructionist discourse on resilience: Multiple contexts, multiple realities among at-risk children and youth. Youth & Society35(3), 341-365. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118x03257030

Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet395(10228), 945-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30547-x

Werner, E. E. (1995). Resilience in development. Current Directions in Psychological Science4(3), 81-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10772327

Ye, B., Zhou, X., Im, H., Liu, M., Wang, X. Q., & Yang, Q. (2020). Epidemic rumination and resilience on college students' depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of fatigue. Frontiers in Public Health8, Article 560983. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.560983

...